Journal article
INT4 Is Not One Treatment: Why the Quantisation-Safety Literature Cannot Be Reconciled as Reported, How Six Design Axes Separate Its Studies Before Bit-Width Does, and Why Two 2026 Studies of the Same Model Names Reach Opposite Verdicts
Post-training quantisation to 4 bits is widely treated as nearly free, a judgement resting on perplexity and multiple-choice accuracy. Whether it is also free for safety is now contested: 2025-2026 studies report that 4-bit checkpoints lose refusal while their quality holds, that 3-bit weights…